
Class ( ' (Oj1_ 

Book S2Z- 

CoiJyrightly[?_ 



CiSEiRSaHT DEPOSIT. 



4( 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT" 

SHOJVN IN THE FILCrKIM PAGEANT STAGED 

A T PE Y MOUTH, ^ElSSACHUSETTS 

JUEY AND AUGUST 

1921 



Supplemented by 

AN ILLUSTRATED PORTRAYAL 
OF THE SEPARATISTS" STRUG- 
GLES FROM SPIRITUAL AND 
BODILY DONDAGE TO FREEDOM 



BV 

JOSEPH DILLAWAV SAWYER 



THE CENTURY HISTORY COMPANY, Inc. 

PUBLISHERS 

8 West 47th Street 
New York City 






DEC 27 '21 

r,VA63098l 



C ^ 



Copyrighted by 

Joseph Dillaway Sawyer 

1921 



DEDICATED TO MV 

PILGRIM AND PURIT. IX 

AXCESTORS 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 




l.iiniliii.L; III" Licl Eriksmi ami lli^ Hn 



Lief Eriksmi's home as 
located liy the late Professor 
Horsford of Harvard College 
nil the hanks of the Charles 
River. 




SIX PIXOTAL LAXDIXG IX AMERICA— Lief Erickson in X'ineland— 
Columhns on Cat Island— Hudson near New Amsterdam— Sniitli at 
Jamestown— The Pilgrim on Plymouth Rock — The Puritan on Trimoun- 
tain. 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 








"Adieu. Columbus ; may you 
bring honor and riches to Spain." 
said the Bishop as lie blessed the 
fearless voyagers. 



THE MEN WHO TURNED THE SEA FURROW 
THAT LED TO WESTERN SHORES 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 




( .'IK Ir.sy Cyi IIS li. Lliilliii 

MASSASOTT, WITH WHOM THE PILGRIMS MADE THAT TREATY 
WHICH GAVE THEM FOOTHOLD 



10 



THE F/LGRIM SPIRIT 










AMERICA'S KINGLY ANCESTOR WHO MET THE KING OF TERRORS 

WITHOUT A TREMOR 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



11 




n 



♦wjS^^. 



^ 
^ 



Coiirlcsy Jrlui A. Lowell 

THB: MAYFLOWER HEADED FUR AMERICA 

The Pageant of ■'Tlic Pilgrim Spirit" was written, directed, and driven to 
ovorwhchnin°g success l.v George Pierce Baker. Dramatic Professor in Harvard 
CoUeoe Cam1>ridge. Massachusetts. Professor Baker's untirmg energy and 
accurate delineation of the Separatist has emjihasized to the entire world the 
wonderful Pilgrim story. 



12 THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 

The Last Day of the Plymouth Pageant 
—"The Pilgrim Spirit," August 13, 1921 

The Sovereigns of the Air gave a juiie-bred day in mid- 
August on which we viewed the grandest pageant our land 
has ever seen, coniniemorating. through the Tercentenary cele- 
bration, the landing on Plymouth Rock, a disembarkation that 
shook two continents. 

This celebration, in its i)reparation, action, and manifold 
forms covered the years 1920-21. In space, it stretched over 
three lands and two oceans from Austerfield, Gainsborough, 
Bawtry, Scrooby, Boston, and Mollie Brown's Cove, close 
to Haltonskilterhavcn, on the east coast of England to Middel- 
burg, Kampen, Emden, Xaarden, Amsterdam, Leyden, and 
Del f shaven, then across the North Sea through the Channel 
to Southam])ton, Dartmouth, and England's Plymouth, thence 
over the Atlantic to Provincetown and Plymouth on Cape Cod. 

The American Tercentenary Committee, one hundred 
and more in number, elected to visit the Motherland, leaving 
New York in the spring of 1920. At Pilgrim shrines, in both 
England and in North and South Holland, they were welcomed 
and shown the greatest consideration, respect, and regard. 
Receptions, dinners, and the unveiling of tablet-memorials, 
with speeches, special entertainments, and excursions, marked 
the progress and course of this committee from the landing 
day in Europe to the hour of dejiarture for home. 

The admixture of kindly fellowship was still farther 
advanced by the Sulgrave Institute, through the purchase and 
embellishment of the home of Washington's ancestors in Eng- 
land, and through the keen interest shown bv ])alriotic societies 
in luigland, PL)lland, and America. 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 13 

Tn America throughout tlic years 1920-21, tlie press, 
pulpit, and lecture platform, ])ageant. college, and school 
sounded the praises of these valiant, conscientious people, 
who, on Decemlier 21, 1620, landed on I'lvniouth Rock, and 
1)\" this act aided in founding die lunpire (tf the West. 

'idiis little group ])roved to the world that, even though 
com|)letelv shut off from foreign supplies, they were ahle 
with hut few crude hand tools to wrest a living from land 
and sea in a countrv in which there were no domestic ani- 
mals. Tn agriculture, fishing, and barter, this i'ilgrim band 
made comfortal)le |)rogress. The world took cognizance of 
the demonstraticjn. The tide set westward, and the future 
of English colonies in America, which up to that hour faced 
black disaster, was asstired. 

A fitting con.sunnnation of the two vears' celebration of 
the soul-stirring Ijcginnings of our nation was the historical 
pageant staged at Plymouth in the summer of ii)2i, costing 
upwards of one liundred and eight \-six thousand dollars. 

The permanent, essential, and ap])ro])riate improvements 
at I'Kniouth along the water front, emphasizing to the world 
the importance of this landing, also cost hundreds of thott- 
sands of dollars. A])])raised I)y sentiment and the nobler im- 
pulses, the results are unlimited, and as permanent as man 
can make his mark on this jilanet. 

As an edticalion in ])atriotism to the rising and risen 
generations, these memorials in ])ermanenl art and human 
movement are of enormous value. 

Truth unsheathed its sword and cleft the Gordian knot 
of misconcei)tion, that so long has beclouded the most sacred 
events in American history. 

The Pilgrim Fathers made three excursions, and we did 
likewise, the last leading us into a vast silence, broken onlv 
by the droning hum of a slow-moving motor boat. With 
Provincetown far astern and the riurnet well to leeward, we 
enter Plymouth harbor in a season vastly different from that 
icy December of 1620. 



14 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



As in Pilgrim times, a seal rose, to the sttrface close to 
the bow, awash with the sea, suggesting both a human form 
and the origin of the mermaid myth. As the splash of the 
oncoming boat washed over the sylpii-like creattire's face, 
transformed close to human similitude by the veil of waters, 
it weirdly threw itself backward and slowly sank beneath 
our keel. 




THE OLDEST INHABTTAXT T!(i\\'l-I) 

At low tide even today, one hundi'cd or more of these 
Simians of the Sea sun themselves on the shoals, and then 
flounder to the waves, when man usm'])s their domain. Two 
whales, probably fifty feet long, with tails as l)ig as our boat. 



Ot US- 



UI 



spouted and splashed within one hundred yards 
fact, far too near for a land lubber "> e(|uanimity. 

Color, environment, and llie incideiUs of imchanging na- 
ture all lend diemselves to the hour and ibe scene ot the Pil- 
grim journev towards their Promised Pand. 

The Pilgrim spirit permeated every shred of mailer, 
from an azure, cloudless, canopied skv to the (k-ei)er blue oi 
an azure sea. 

The Gurnet, Phniouth, and 
White Horse beaches, frown- 
ing Manomet, and even the 
planks beneath our feet pul- 
sated with the spirit of the 
hour, as we gave ourselves so 
completelv to a presence in a 
realm of Pilgrim phantasy 

that can be reproduced as real- white horse p,e.\ch 

isticallv nowhere else on this green earth. 




THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



15 




THE GURNET 



W'c- iK^edctl 111) compass in tlic clear sunli.^iu nl ihis Last 
Pag-eant Day. Our course was tlic same as that of the Pil- 
o-rini shallop, steered by hclnisnian Thomas Kn.^iish on that 
wild niL;-ht of November K), i'>-'o. lluo-gino- close to Saquish 
Head, we turned the leaves of J'.radford's thrillino; descrip- 
tion of that iiarl of the voya.u'e, and listened to the f|uaint 
lore of three centuries aii^-o. 1 lore is the record : 

"Rounding Sa(|uish Head, dark and raining sore, divided 
in their mindes what to do, they landed with much adoe, got tire 
(all things being so wette) secure from yc Indians, where they 
might dr\- their stufe, fixe their peeces and rest themselves and 
give CkkI thanks for His mercies in their manifold deliver- 
ances." 





PLYMOUTH HARBOR. SAQUISH HEAD. AXU THE (iUlvXET 



16 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 




AlANOMET BEACH AND HEADLAND 

The "Sickle Cape"" takes on (lee|)er meaning- when, with 
Braflfi)r(rs "IMinmuth Plantation"" in hand, one sees sand dune, 
beach, lieadland, lirook, '^])rinli■, and hill lln-oni;ii the rilQTim 







rf/W!P, 



I Zl,.el<-^ 



J 5 .M^,r,</ a-rS;„ — 'J) -W —m ttf/"' " 

t,^,. I J -*- '. <"'■' "^f "— 'i « ■"■l" — ™.-^ 

.Jttf.t-/,„i.,1^-<*'f-' — " "-*■■'■ 



x/./ufi V.« /»^i « 



PULPIT ROCK < 



/.w/.-.y., ;.V— -■«•«•' •'~-^' — vV— '«-'- 

A PAGE FROM BRADFORD'S 
BOOK 



-N V I . \ 1\ l\ .-- 



Governor's hrain and eyes. We 
Iniffet the waves of the Horse 
Market where the clashino- tide 
swirled and tossed the Pilg'rim 
shallop on tliat fateful night 
three centuries ago. In that far 
away day tlie gale whi])])ed the 
sea so lustily that the combina- 
tion of tide and tempest shattered 
the shaHop's mast, ripped sail, 
and drove the Httle craft to the 
isle wliich later they named 
"Clark,"' after the male of the 
INIavflower. 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



17 




THF FlksT MEN'S PKAVEk i\lEKTlX(.. HELD IX AMERICA. 
ON CLARK'S ISLAND 

Our .u'nal today is Puli)il R"ck on thi^ same Clark's Is- 
iand* 'liiis landmark rests on an ui>lan(l which rises from a 
small pasture. Standing- on its surface, seamecl hv time and 
storm, one views ]'l>inoulh beach and hill I'nmi a jioint that 
l)rins-s out their most attractive settini^-, a land fall that must 
ha\e looked .q'ood to the sick-of-the-sea, as it did \i> us, as we 
gazed al its rare beauty. Near the rock's ed-c, the T'il.i^'rim 
sentinel mounted o:uard, on that ])iercin,L;- cold December morn- 
ing, wary of Indian attack. Sheltered by the enormous bould- 
er" and intermittently warmed l)y the campfire's lilful l)laze, the 
Bible was o])ened, the Living Word was read, and pra^-ers 
of thankfulness given. The men's voices in unison echoed 
against rock and mound as they sang Ainsvvorth's Psalm 
Melodies. 

In reverent silence, we leave one of the most sacred, his- 
toric spots on our continent, ^^'e stride again over the pas- 
ture land, board nm boat, and, pushing off, head for the 
outer bav and the broad Atlantic. Later, "about shii^," we 
hold the course sailed by the Crafl-of-Destiny, which, having 
housed anchor at Provincetown. rounded Manomet's beach 
and headland, and slowly tacked into Plymouth's tortuous 
and shallow liarbor. 

To follow both record and imagination, we ground^ 
anchor as the pilgrim did in the Cow Yard, a mile and a half ofi 
shore, close bv the fretted Horse Market, where the tides 
of Plvmouth, Duxbury. and Kingston clash for supremacy, 
and ever lose, when the ebb and iLnv cease their struggle. 

*Govoniiir Andnis (|u.irn.-U'(l with tlK' t'lyiiT'Utli auth. critics ovc-r ownership i-i 
rtiis island. 



18 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 




. I r.f t ^""'"^ n't—- 

I^S-V..,* a-> 3 -w"*-'!-— 



«f*. 






„,"/ T'--'' """ '•" 
f" 'Uu'-i'-""-' 









,7,.,.,-^ '■'■•'' *• ' ,.,V;..',,•'-'■■^""•'- 



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jfl.. "•''■' ■:,T'T.ti?l'.->-* -■*'•■''';""."'''■■■■ 
„j.. ..It., 



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f .A'" -/^•* 



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,,/„—■• r" 







r;]^\r)FORD'S book, whose leaves we turned august 13, 1921 



In imagination, we arc now in the cumbersome, heavily 
planked long boat, pushing awa_\- from the Mayflower's* side, 
iter railing crowded with anxious-hearted fellow j)assengers. 
The die is about to be cast. We are headed for that tiny 
boulder, then but a pebble on one of a thousand beaches; 
today, in the year i<;2i, greeted as a stepping stone to a 
glorious success, with which the entire world is familiar. 
Reaching shallow water, the keel crunches on the sand 
aiKl the craft lists well to starI)oar(l. In an instant our crew 
is increased by eighteen shadowy forms, who. leaping on the 
rock, join us in reconsecrating the land. 

For an houi^ the sun has sunk out of sight in the west. 
Cree])ing shadows now shroud in darkness the newly made 
water front, which, in its restoration, closely follows the 

*Wliat the sand tentacles of Cape Cod failed to do to the i\Iay(lu\ver they did 
disastrously to over two thousand staunch and goodly vessels from that hour to 
the present. A stroll along shore will bring into view and touch the prey of the 
sea half-buried in the sand. 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 19 

primitive shore line of Plymoutli. Oliver Wendell Holmes, 
if ali\-e, would see the followino- picture he drew in I.S55 of an 
appropriate Pilgrim testimonial then conceived, hut Ixirn in 
the year ig2i. 

The pictured thought of Holmes has been realistically car- 
ried out by the Tercentenary Committee. The commercialism 
of the encumbered water front has been blotted out ; the "scowl 
of the landscape" has been restored, and today we view the 
bay's contour as the Pilgrim saw it. 

"It is not bv disi)]ays of art, 1 venture U^ think, that we 
can best honor the soil of l'l\iniiulh and the memory of its 
colonists. The sea is their eternal monument so long as its blue 
tablet shall glisten in the light of morning. The lonely island 
where they passed their first "Christian Sabbath" will stand 
until winter has scaled oi¥ the storied surface of the most en- 
during monolith. The bleak sand will be there, and the stern 
rocks forever, and December will sheet them with the snows 
that make them doublv desolate until the heavens are shrivelled 
as a scroll. The memorial should have for its two leading qual- 
ities simplicity and durability. Tf T could finish Cologne Cathe- 
dral with a word and transport it wath a wish, the last spot in 
New England I would choose for it would be the landing place 
of the Plymouth Pilgrims. The serene and heavenly smile of 
those devoted men and women has for its natural background 
(if so trivial an expression may be used ) the scowl of the liare 
landscape around their place of refuge. Thus surrounded, one 
impression dominates all others in the miufl of him who seeks 
the holv place to live over the days of the struggling colonists. 
Point to the level bank and sav. There lies the dust of John 
Carver and all the bokl men and i)atient women that perished 
around him,' and our thoughts are nearer heaven already than 
the tallest structure of art can climb with its aspiring capstone." 

Cyclonic, kaleidoscopic changes are they that break intc 
the little New England town in this year T021. At the door- 
wav of the New^ World enters in i)ageant the Old. The scene 
shifts as the drama of truth broadens. Thousands now l)reath- 
les.-;lv watch the process of turning back the centuries. Eternity 
seems visualized. "A thousand years are but as yesterday" as 
the pageant opens. Happilv coined by Professor Charles 
Pierce Baker was the phrase "The Pilgrim Spirit," pcrmeatjng 
everv nook and corner of the first town of Massachusetts, which. 



20 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 




Courtesy of !}itci-}iatioiuil 



PLYMOUTH ROCK 



wakened from its iinrnial, elni-enibDwered (|nietn(le as the jost- 
ling;- crowds wended llieir way tliron,!:;-!! the narrow streets to 
view with rapt attention the drama of three centuries as it is 
unroUed for tlie first time to the view of man. 

Descendants of tlie Pilgrim Fatliers, gaze and Hsten! 

In clarion voice, "The rock speaketh, let the earth rejoice!" 

"I, the Rock of I 'Ixnn lutli. speak to you, Americans! 

Here I rested in the ooze 

From the a.y.x'.'^ i)rimor(lial. 

Men came and went ; Norsemen, 

Seamen of Enq-land, voyag-ers of France, Dutch adventurers; 

Over and round me 

The Indians worked, iila\ed, lived. 

1 was a rock of millions along the shore. 

Waiting — for wliat ? 



Tim PILCRIM SPIRIT 



21 



:(: :j; jK * * * * --t- V 

^ * * * * :|: -!■ * •■= 

Tu inc the I'il.^rinis cciiiie, on me they stand, 
As one hy one they land 
Here the\- will work ont their salvation. 
For this I have heen waiting;-, waitni--. 

Of nie, the rock in the ooze, they made a corner-stone ol the 
nation." 




THE I.l.VES OF THE WATER FRONT .\S THE PIL(.,K1M.S KXEW IT. 

RESTORED IN 1921 

On the esplanade t'rontiiiL;- two thousand feet on the water 
and stretchino- hack six hundred feet from Plymouth Rock to 
Coale's Pilgrim lUirial llill, were staged the score of scenes 
composite with the making of our nation. To the onlooker, only 
(_)ne thought could interject itself into these historic scenes and 
Ije in full accord with the spectacle. \'onder, edging the \'er_\ 
rock on which this rare group of zealots landed, lies the restored 
water front. The l)av and the grave land under our very feet 
were consecrated hv Pilgrim ])resence and Pilgrim exhortati(»n, 
prayer, and praise. Idiis is no make helie\e, artificial stage, 
echoing with mummeries. In our thought we dwell in a land 
vibrant with retrosi)ect and action, different from any other 
that humanity has ever seen. We are in the niid>t of world 
making. 



ThrdUgh Geo. H. Rusm.-11 nf Lowc-ll. win. spent a lar,i;c sum nf inomy in 
phot(igrai)lis as ofificial representative fnr llie Tercentenary C^niinisMMn. tli. 
pageant officials, and tlie ninvie world, I liave these rights to use tln' loll, u\ nig 
pageant pictures. 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 




>\ 



&\ ^feiJ. '^^i-zj l-^pias 







I'liblishcd hy <ii ittngcyiicnt ivith Tin- Jones Publishing Co. 

THE VIKINGS 




VIKING CRAFT OFF PLYMOUTH BEACH 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



23 



4^a 




# 



LA.\1)I.\(, 111' lllK EAGLE-CRESTED VIKIXGS 
OF THE NORTHERN SEAS 




THORWALD'S GRAVE ON 
THE GURNET 



Ihc pas'oant of kmiwii histurv 
opens with the coming;' of the wUow- 
clad, ea^^le-crowned A'ikin^" barons ni 
the Northern Seas. These Norsemen 
in nne(|ual combat (hsdainfulh- kill, 
throttle, and enslave the Skraelin.^s, 
who in their view cnmber the land. Thorwald is slain by the 
Indians, and the first European cemetery in America is started. 
It is on the Gurnet. 

The searchlights that clearlv outlined every detail are now 
as thoroughly doused as Bradford or Standish extinguished 
their i)ine knots at curfew. Darkness as black as pitch shrouds 
the land. 

The comings and the goings of these people who dared — 
their risks and their triumjihs — rose with gripping force in 
full view of the spectators at Plymouth in T()-I. 

Ten thousand hearts thrill and thrill again with the retro- 
spective influence of place and hour as the next move of our 
forefather Empire lUiilders is tensely awaited. 

English Separatists, when at home, in order to circum- 
vent greedy informers, gathered to worship secretiv in tlu- 
gravel pits, hay lofts, and cellars of London. Gainsborough and 
the Scrooby region. 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



^ 



«'*'"f»*; 




LAXDIXG OF THE PILGRIMS 




THE COLUMBUS SPIRIT IX THE HEART OF EACH 
SEARCHER FOR LAND 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



25 

1 




SAMOSET, IN WONDER. GAZING AT THE ONCOMING MANFLoWER 

( )n this uni(|uc water front, history a^ain repeats its form, 
as throiiLih the hrii^h edging the shore boldly stalks the Pilgniii 




WASHING ON THE BEACH 



26 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 




4 



H'^ucv^^'»^^;^^'^, :fir-j^^ir;»- of ^oc(-, ^„^ ucf^, 

£y -/Acji. ^ir'tJc-^-fi SoCc-^^'y (i,'^*^'^'^'^ ■>^y f r'e/cice of /Joff^awo 
o-nz cf ano/^v C o-n.C7\cimf^ ^ Ccnfint ov.fJcCu,cs tajyarf/tcr -wrf» <r 

f/Sc^cmte- cffcnis crf-r^-^^l ; .X^J fy V^Cf^C AcCr-T^o C^^c/t., 
C,^7^1u.U, «,.^/^,^mC fi^<?A ^^r/^c.j»aV r^C^ o^d. "fT"^^ 

--'■ ' ' I . J - '^.^cJ- efj CollnU: 'hnA 






nie^f -fjt-j a^tntrcf.iZ 






The signers of tiic "Mayflower" compact, bearing date Nu 



11, l(i2(), were: 



John Carver 
William Bradford 
Edward Winslow 
William lirewster 
Isaac Allfrton 
JNIyles Standish 
Jolni Alden 
Saiiuiel Fuller 
Christopher ^lartin 
William Mullins 
William White 
Richard \\'arren 
John Howland 
Stephen Hopkins 



If). 
1(>. 
17. 
18. 
10. 
20. 
21. 
22. 
2X 
24. 



Edward Tilley 
John Tilley 
Francis Cooke 
Thomas Rogers 
Thomas Tinker 
John Rigdale 
Edward Fuller 
John Turner 
Francis Eaton 
James Chilton 
John Crackston 
John Billington 
Moses Fletcher 
John Goodman 



29. 


Degory Priest 


30, 


Thomas Williams 


:n. 


Gilbert Winslow 


32. 


Edmund Margeson 


33. 


Peter Brown 


34. 


Richard Britteridg 


35. 


George Soule 


36. 


Richard Clarke 


37. 


Richard Gardiner 


38. 


John Allerton 


39. 


Thomas English 


40. 


Edward Doley 


41. 


Edward Lister 



THE PILGRIM COMPACT AXD THE SIGNERS 




GOVERNOR WILLIAM BRADFORD'S BIRTHPLACE 
AND HOME AT AUSTERFIELD 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 




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28 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



We see before us exactly what liappcned three hundred 
yeaj's ago ahnost to the hour. Shght wonder that red blooded 
Americans thrill with thou,e,"ht-speed as they are transported 
in mind to the day and year December 21, lOjo. The entranc- 
ing- arrogance of acts that un- 
cover the graves of the jiast, mi 
the actual site of their occu- 
pants' activities, rehabilitating 
scenes and actors that lor cen- 
turies have slip]>ed into obliv- 
ion, captivates and stirs the 
must phlegmatic nature. As 
the onlookers, individual] V and -MAin" cmi/ro.N landing on 

M 4 V- Ai • Till-: ROCK* 

m the aggregate, trace t lien- 
lineage through scores and hundreds of lines: even vivid 
imagination halts its backward course amazed, if ni>t com- 
])letel}' paralyzed. 





Gazing at these 
Dutch -bred bjig- 
lishmen o f t h e 
thirteenth, four- 
teenth, fifteenth, 
and sixteenth cen- 
turies, ])assengers 
on the IMavflow- 
er that swings at 
her mooring in the 
offing, who swarm 

alxnit rock, l)eacli, and water front, then cautiouslv clinil)iiig 
the bank, and stand facing, not the ambushed Indian, but m 
the ]3resence ol the Inlinite, the onlooker glories in the source 
of his nativitv. 



CAUTIOUSLY CLLMBING THE SLOPE OF 
COALE'S HILL 



*So states fnll< Inre. Cold iinrinnantic fact ruails difforoiitlv. 



Tim riLGRIM SPIRIT 29 

Tn the MotliL-rland, a half decade of centuries s]ip|)ed 
a\va\- before tlie ^rnpinii;- IHiritan spirit, that had quivered in 
the heart an<l rumliled in the ears of the ( )ld World masses, 
.stirred our l'ji,L;iisli ancestors sullicientK' for them to fnid voice. 
T\\entv-li\-e \ears before the rinj^ini;- words in the Magna 
Charta of 1215 awakened luiL^land. a grou]) of weavers at 
(Oxford claimed free worship. Later \\ illiam id Accom and 
later still Walter Lollard's adherents fostered the faith which 
\\'\-clif's I'.ible taui^ht and the ])ioneer relormer followed. 
Xear Sturtonde-Steei)le, in the summer of i5-\v William Tyn- 
(lale, on his journev to a martxr's i;ra\-e, halted long enough to 
read to wavsidc gatherings from his liible, not made from a 
translation, but from the grander original. Tvndale told the 
cow bo\- that he need no longer listen to the harangues of 
cowled preachers in an alien tongue, Imt though uneducated 
and a hireling for wages, he could spell out the words that 
^,tood for s])iritual freedom and eternal lile. 'I'yndalc also ])ro- 
jihesied that the chained L.ible would be cleft from the church 
l)illar and become the I'.ible of the ])eople. This was no idle 
pronn'se, though the ]iath led to stake and scallold. 

Pageant gazers, I'oam foot-lree across shadowv back- 
grounds, through whieh stride a Tx-ndale, a I'overdale, a 
Greenwood, a ISarrow, a Ridlew a Cranmer, a I'enrv, a Knox, 
a Cah'in, and a Luther; Robert I'.rowne, John Sni\th, and a 
long line of seekers after (iod, who "fearing (iod, feared noth- 
ing else." 

Could a more a])]iro])riate ])iece of mother earth e.xist 
on which to ce]el)rate Ad\ ance than this sanctified bit of gronnd 
at which we gaze, <ni which is traced in unfading lines the 
luaking of the American careers of the I'ilgrim and the Puri- 
tan? 

In strong contrast with the sleeve faggot-lirauded. staff- 
in-hand Lollards that now center the stage, are the mvriads of 
seated sjiectators and thousands crowded against the side lines. 
These in an instant are transported under the blazing glare of 
the searchlight, within the court of King James 1, with his 
gaudilv-attired and hilariously framed courtiers. 



30 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 




CHURCH AT BAWTR\- WHERE SEPARATISTS WORSHIPPED 




Old Heuses. Boston, Hr,?la'\c!. C^rfEm"-- 

HOW THEY BUILT IN OLD 
BOSTON 




HAV I.OET IN WHICH THE SM'\R\nSTS 
WORSHIPPED 



rilE HALL WHERE THE 

PILGRIMS WERE TRIED 

IN BOSTON 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



31 




SCROOBY CHURCH WHERE THE PU.CKniS \V()RSinrr|-D 




SCROOP^- MANOR H(.)USE THE HOME OF WTLLIAM BREWSTER 



The "wisest fool in Christendom" i> >lio\vn mcctint;- his 
suhiccts on a fornni platlonn. The Millenary LVlition is pre- 
sented to iiis Highness. It aims lo reform ecclesiastics and 
the Prayer Ijook. Later, hefore tins same king, one hehoids 
r-Vee Chnrchmen. yet willing exiles, Cnshman and e'arver. 
With all the fervor of Romans before their augu^i Senate, they 
petition Mis Majesty to allow ihem to he called luiglish suh 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



'^ 










1 AKAUE OF PAGEANT PARTICIPANTS 

jects in anv land, jirnud (if the l)l()u(l that .^avc iheni bein,^'. 
They also crave i)erniissi(in lo leave Holland for America. 
Well do these fearless Sejjaratists hold their own in their 
discussion with the kin^', who ever took conilort in '"talkin.^' 
thin.^'s over," in the end i^ivin.n" short shrift to his verbal op- 
ponent. 

The Puritans listen, with respectful hearing;", hut rehel- 
iious heart, as the ro\al locsin ring's Ironi the kind's throat: 




GROUP OF PURITANS 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



33 



"I will harry them out of the land." The precedent of Spain 
in casting out her children will he followed by Stuart England. 

At Gainsborough, Austcrlield, Scrooby, and Bawtry, one 
sees farther unfolding of the Pilgrim drama. In mind's eye 
we note the remains of an ancient moat, then came a stee])led 
church, a plank walk to raise one from the low, semi-marsh- 
land as the traveler threads his wa>' to the ■■mean townlet" of 
Scrooby, past the hollow mulberry tree planted bv the dis- 
graced primate of Henry VJII. 

In Scroobv. William Brewster was the "post." He fur- 
nished horses, liberty and entertainment for the king's messen- 
gers en route across the kingdom, north and south. Here the 
Pilgrim leader from London settled in his birth town after his 
strenuous life in Holland and at Elizabeth's cotu't when secre- 
tary to Ambassador Davison. To daily read the Bible in the 
home severed from the pillar in the church to which the clergy 
had chained it was the effort of Puritan, Separatist, and em- 
bryo Pilgrim. In the Scroobv district, the crv for "Free 
( Inu'cb" issued Iroiii thoiT-ands of hearts and voices; a crv 
of the soul that sjjcd north, south, east, and west, thronghout 
our Fatherland, the Isle of Fate. 





COMMUXIC.-\XT.S CAME FROM THP: 

SHORES OF THE RIVER WITHAM WHICH 

W.AS SH.\DOWED BV GREAT .ST. BO- 

TOLPH'S SIX HUNDRED YEAR OLD 

STEEPLE 



These first Bostonians came to worship in this little diatch- 
ed roof church on "Firste," later King, now .^tate .Street, in 
Boston-on-the-Charles. 



34 THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 

The rose months of Ma_y and June in 1608 saw the final 
break at MoUie Brown's Cove. The scene of departure was re- 
created on the historic field edging Plymouth Rock. The drop 




THE BALKED ATTEMPT OF THE PILGRIMS TO FLEE FROM MOLLIE 
BROWN'S COVE NEAR HALTONSKILTERHAVEN 




,_*;-*^,~9-»v.i**<' 



Courtesy of Our ritgriut r^! rfiulu-i . CJi.nU-^ Sn~^iniin! Hiiiil's 

MOLLIE BROWN'S COVE 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



35 







OFF TO HOLLAND AND 
FREEDOM 

Thus the Separatists crossed 
the channel and the North Sea 
to Middelburg and Amsterdam. 








1J1.L1-SUA\ l-:\ HARBOR EXACTLY AS IT LOOKED WHEN THE 
PILGRIMS SAILED OUT OF IT IN JULY, 1620 




IN THIS CHURCH AT DELFSHAX EX THE PILGRIMS WORSHIPPED 
JUST BEFORE SAILING 

of a pin could have l)een heard, so enrapt were the thousands of 
onlookers during this scene. Then followed a vivid portrayal 
of the interrupted departure, the scurrying, mounted sheriffs 



36 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 





..■^-ir^^Wf "^t* , i!' 




LENDEN TO THE FORE 








THE i'IL(,klMS LEA\ IXG HOLLAND 

armed with hale sticks, Ijludg-wns, and even lireanns, scream- 
ing women ; children frightened and shivering" in the cold. 

Yes, on Scrooby ground li\-ed, ]>rayed, |)reached, and plot- 
ted the Pilgrim. Erom this halting place and "post," on the 
great North Road leading to Scotland, he fled to Boston in 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



37 



'^"^f 



l'"')"^'^*'"" 






•i*^".-.!! !' y^:, •? '" < • •■■■■-■ I ^?=?^^5 



J|^ 




IB^i^f. 



1 .^- 



THE COMING OF THE NATIONS 



Lincdlnshirc- lo l.)e bclrined and liml i^iKiuiinx' and a ])rison 
cell. 

Yet within six niuntlis the enthralled I'Lnglish Scruuby 
Separatists had reached Hollantl, that land made free by Wil- 
liam the Silent, who tore his people from under the Spanish 
yoke, and in the tearing- opened the gates of freedom to Eng- 
lishmen and the oppressed of ever\- land. A true land of ref- 
uge it was ti) Frances lohnson, Robert Browne, b)hn .Snnlh, 





^1 


■ii 




IK'' 





SIGNING OF THE COMP.JiCT 



3S 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 




'•ttss ^iimms, 



. -^ -t, 



c;(n EKXOR CARVER MAKING HIS FAMOUS TREATY WITH 

MASSASOIT 

the Ilickmaiis, and hundreds of Englishmen, many of whom 
remained in the Netherlands, though numbers kept on to 
Switzerland — another federal republic. 

A great land, this of Holland, a land uf homes filled with 
gladness and good cheer, which truth, even more than arms and 
valor, had made free ! As this immense throng gazed at the 
citizens of Middelburg, Amsterdam. Leyden, and Delfshaven, 
there arose in clear vision the social environment in which the 
Pilgrim Fathers had their first taste of liberty. 

On this miniature modern j^lain of Esdraelon bordering" 
Plymouth Bay — the scene of religious happenings rivalling 
those of Palestine — in the mind's eve one saw enacted in sue- 



mu 




THE INDIAN DANCER 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 39 

cession the escape of Pilgrims from a monarchy to a republic, 
the life therein, the return across the choppy Channel, the dis- 
appointment at Southampton, the relanding from Land's End, 
the tarrying at Plymouth, England, the reduction of two com- 
panies to a single ship, with some left behind: the prolonged 
and stormy ocean voyage, the possibility of foundering at sea, 
and the desired, though not at first intended, landing on the 
sandy Cape-of-Endless-Xaming. 

Antedating the landing of 1620, one saw chronologically 
staged the coming of the pre-Pilgrim ])ioneer adventurers to 
Plymouth Bay; Martin Pring building his palisade in 1603; in 
1605 the landing of Champlain. Admiral of New France, who 
plotted Plymouth harbor, and close to a decade thereafter ;he 
Dutchman Block sailing his Manhattan-built Onrust across the 
Horse Market, dropping anchor in the Cow Yard. 




fM^^Nj^-tltKHlli'iMI 



SIGNING TREATY WITH MASSASOIT 

Then came the Indian slaver, Thomas Hunt, who captured 
a full score of aborigines, among them Squanto, that "painted 
hunter," who was surely sent to serve the Pilgrim and varied 
his office of interpreter with that of an instructor in farming 
and fishing. 

The historical pageant now spelled deeper tragedy and 
leaped from man to matter. The sombre, slightly yellow green 
tinged lights that illumined the vacant field wrapped in a silence 
that could be felt by every onlooker, pictured the black pestilence 
of 1618 that smothered Indian life, enabling Pilgrim life to take 
deeper root. In the center of the i)lain, was portrayed the sign- 
ing of the Pilgrim Compact in the Mayflower cabin. 



40 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



^t^M.. f 




1 KlAl. OF L\ Fi iKij 

A real landing, this of our forefathers! With hearts 
tlironed in joy and voices trenihhno- with deep-seated emotion, 
they praised tlieir Maker while hreathing the air of freedom. 

Though shadowed with death and disaster the surviving" 
fifty-fotn^ souls rejoiced with the thought of worshipping, in 
their own way, the (iml whom, despite all their sorrows, they 
hailed as their infinite friend, "llTnugli lie slav me. vet will I 
trust Ilim." was the Imrden of tlie faith that ne\er (|uailed! 




THE PROCESSION TO THE CEMETERY OCCURRED IN THE LATE 
AFTERNOON DURING THE SUMMER OF 1921. IN HOMACIE TO THE 
HEROIC BAND WHO TROD THE SANDS AND HILLS OF PLY- 
MOUTH THREE CENTURIES AGO 



The ford at the town brook, the meeting with ^lassasoit 
on Watson's Hill, where Edward Winslow was left as a host- 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



41 




TEX THOUSAND SrELLP.OUXD MODERN PILGRIMS 




THE INDIAN DANCE 



PEREGRINE WHITE'S FIRST 
AIRING ON PLYMOUTH BEACH. 

Strenuous days were these for the 
firstling struggling to cnnihat inclement 
weather and disease. 




42 THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 

age ; Governor Carver and Massasoit signing the Treaty which, 
for tifty-five years, held back tomahawk and scalping knife, 
were all realistically, artistically, impressively depicted. 

On the turf-surface of this ideal stage, one saw the at- 
tempt of Oldham and Lyford to disrupt the colony; the inter- 
cepted letters were shown; both the argument and condemna- 
tion were heard, and the punishment outlined. 

Following the death of Governor Carver, his militarv fun- 
eral, and the election of Bradford, a great multitude as one 
throbbing heart entered into the stern, heroic pathos of the 
next scene: "The Return of the Mayflower to England." 

Time passed ceases. We are in the present. The lighted 
field is now in darkness. Silence falls upon the multitude. The 
pageant is finished, but the influence of place and hour halts all 
movement. It is as if after the benediction, heads are bowed 
for a brief season before awakening to the actual re-entrance 
into the world's activities. 

Individuality asserts itself; life surges onward, but the 
impress on the Heart is as in steel, not in wax. To see the first 
flutterings of freedom close against the earth ere it reached 
America, to note its gradual rise, and final pinioned flight 
among and above the heights is the rare joy of all who saw the 
pageant of "The Pilgrim Spirit" at Plymouth. Massachusetts, 
in the year of our Lord 192 1. Well ma)- America live up to the 
record of her infancv! 




THE INDIAN D.ANCER 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



43 



2; 
<: 
w 
o 
< 

E- 

o 
w 

X 
H 

O 
W 

< 
g 

E 
w 

H 
O 

o 

X 
in 

in 

o 

H 
< 

H 

(/! 

h4 

W 
> 




44 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 




THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



45 




46 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 










THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



■'W" WW 







■h^ 






48 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 




H-I 



hi 

J 
<; 
O 
u 



Q 

< 

H 
I/) 

Q 
2: 

< 

O 

w 

H 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 



49 





('/ Uhi rilgrini Forefather, Charles Stednian Hank-, 



AS THE SETTLEMENT OF OUR FATHERS LOOKED 
OX PLYMOUTH HILL IN 1621 



THAT FIRST "STREETE" IN MASSACHUSETTS. THE PILGRIMS ANTIC- 
IPATED HAUSSMANN'S PLAN OF PROTECTING PARIS BY 
PLANTING CANNON TO CONTROL THOROUGHFARES 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 




THE CLOXD MAID (IF ]'.\TLXl':T-rL\ AlOU] 11 



"Nay. for slie is a Puritan: at ht-r nc-cdlc tf">: indeed, she mal<cs reli- 
iidus pelticnats, for flowers slu-'ll make church histories." 



THE PILGRIM SPIKIT 



51 



iMit.niii 1/ inti'i 

(III l>)!l 

Oil 1 -pii/xm: 



H^ 

^ 





THR I'lLi'.KlM Ml'-.MoKIAL CHURCH 

TO r.K KKKCTEl) IN 

DEI.FSHAVEN 



"THE OPEN DOOR," THE oXl-V VISIIU.K r.oCXl.AKV nX OUR THREE 
THOUSAND MU.E NORTHERN FRONTIER 

THE MAN WHOSE SEEAHNG FAUXRES PR()\H1) (iLORIOUS SUC- 
CESSES, FORCEFUL, RESERVED. THE "F.ATHER OF OUR COUNTRV 




THAT "ONE WAV" CANAL ON CAPE COD 



52 THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 

Another publication off the press in December, 1921, by 
the Century History Company of 8 West 47th street, New 
York City, is 

HISTORY 

OF THE 

PILGRIMS and PURITANS 

Their Ancestry and Descendants 

BY 

JOSEPH DILLAWAY SAWYER 

Author of "How to Make a Country Place" 

WILLIAM ELLIOT GRIFFIS. A.M., D.D., L.H.D. 

Editor 

Autln.ir of "Tlir Pilgrims in Their Hmin-s." "^^lnn,^ PcopK's Histury (if the 

Pilgrims." and nther works. 

ADVISORY BOARD 

CHARLES FRANKLIN THWING, D.D., LL.D., Lit.D. 
President of tl'cstern Reserve Unh'crsity, Viee-Chair- 
iiian of the Board of Trustees of the Carnegie Foun- 
dation. 

RFA'. WTLLLAM E. BARTON, D.D., LL.D. 

Pastor of Oak Park. Illinois. Congregational Church. 

O. p. GIFFORD, D.D. 

Pastor Emeritus. The Baptist Church. Brookline. 
Mass., and Pastor of First Baptist Church of Pasa- 
dena, Cal. 

WILLIS FLETCHER JOHNSON. A.M., L.H.D. 

Honorary Professor of the History of American 
Foreign Relations, i^^ew York Unii'ersity: .Uithor of 
".4 Century of Expansion!' " .imerica's Foreign Rela- 
tions." "Four Centuries of the Panama Canal." 

This three volume History is embellished with from fifteen 
hundred to two thousand illustrations, manv of them rare, and 
a large percentage never before published in book form— in 
fact, in the opinion of experts few have ever seen over 
sixtv ])er cent, of the illustrations in this work, and book men 
of wide experience name a still lower percentage.^ 



* 



*They include all Plymouth memorials new and old to the hour of gomg to 
press. 



THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 5.i 

College presidents and historical writers state without 
qualification that this monumental work in scope, accuracy, 
and chronology, will he an anlhurit\- for years to come. 

The thousand pages of text, in addition to the fifteen hun- 
dred to two thousand illustrations, portray the development of 
the Puritan spirit as it first rooted on the Rock of Thanet in 
the year 441; A. D., spread o\er luTgland, swung to the 
farthest borders of cast and west Euro])e. then hack again 
through Europe to the Tsle of Fate, and across the Atlantic to 
Plymouth Rock and Bunker llill. The nearly two hundred 
thousand persons who saw the collection of Puritan and 
Pilgrim literature, rare photographs and memorials, (now 
scattered, on exhibition for six months in the New \'ork Public 
Library arranged through the indefatigable efforts of Victor 
Hugo Paltsits. Custodian of Rare Manuscri])ts and Historian 
in the New York Librar}-), will ])e overjoyed to know that the 
leading features of this collection have been preserved in these 
three volumes, embracing manv P.ible editions, the Parliamen- 
tary Journal of (Jueen Rlizabeth, Dr. lohn W'hitgift's railings 
against the Puritan, titles of books written ])v Robert Brown, 
John Smyth, the Baptist; Henry Barrowe; John Penry, the 
Pilgrim Martyr, supposed author of the Martin Marprelate 
Tracts; his quaint and seemingly ridiculous i)am]ihlets Hung 
amid the English masses in 1580 and i5<)0 created unrest, 
(many a scholar in (.)xford and Cambridge car\-ed beneath 
his gown, Marprelate literature); Brewster's books and manv 
others, including w^orks by Captain John Smith and co-writers 
of the seventeenth centurv. 

The work includes illustrated Xewsi)a]X'rdom, Piracv, and 
a wide range of subjects bearing upon the evolution of our 
land. All of the above is of intense interest to scholars, re- 
searchers, colleges, public and private schools, libraries, and the 
home. These are volumes that can be placed upon anv table, 
and by reason of the prodigality of illustrations and text mat- 
ter, including some three Inmdred autographs, will interest 
old and young. 



54 THE PILGRIM SPIRIT 

Emphasizing Americanism as it does, in attractive and per- 
manent form, the work has the indorsement of leading educa- 
tors. 

Dr. Charles \\'. Eliot, President Emeritus of Harvard 
College, writes to Dr. William Eliot Gritfis: "I am glad to 
hear that vou are editing a new and ample history of the 
Pilgrim and Puritan Eathers of New England. Your long 
experience as an author and editor is a guarantee that the 
three volume historv will be worthv of its noble subiect." 



THE CENTURY HISTORY COMPANY, 8 West 47th St., New York 



